Dalai Lama with Marco Pannella
photo by dumplife (Mihai Romanciuc) on Flickr
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- Uploaded:
- Mar 26, 2009
- Original:
- 1024 × 683
- Original date:
- Dec 14, 2007
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Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso' (born Llhamo Döndrub (Tibetan: ལ; Wylie: Lha-mo Don-'grub) 6 July 1935 in Qinghai [1]), is the 14th and current Dalai Lama.[2] The Dalai Lama is a revered spiritual leader among Tibetans and exerts a powerful influence over the the Gelug School of Tibetan Buddhism. He is head of the Tibetan Government in Exile in Dharamsala, India[3][4][5] A Nobel Peace Prize laureate, he is also the world's best-known Buddhist monk.
Gyatso was the fifth of 16 children born to a farming family in the village of Taktser, Qinghai province [1] where he learned the Amdo dialect of Tibetan as his first language.[6][7] He was proclaimed the tulku (rebirth) of the thirteenth Dalai Lama two years after he was born. On 17 November 1950, at the age of fifteen, he was enthroned as Tibet's Dalai Lama, thus becoming Tibet's most important political ruler. This occurred only one month after the People's Liberation Army's invasion of Tibet.
After initially ratifying, under military pressure, the 1951 Seventeen Point Agreement, he left Tibet for India following the failed uprising and the collapse of the Tibetan resistance movement in 1959. In India he was active in establishing the Tibetan Government in Exile and in seeking to preserve Tibetan culture and education among the thousands of refugees who accompanied him.[8]
Tenzin Gyatso is described as a "charismatic" figure[6][9] and noted public speaker. He is the first Dalai Lama to travel to the West. There, he has helped to spread Tibetan Buddhism and to promote the concepts of universal responsibility, secular ethics, and religious harmony. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989,[6][10] honorary Canadian citizenship in 2006, and the United States Congressional Gold Medal on 17 October 2007.[11] (from wikipedia)
Marco Pannella
Pannella was born at Teramo (Abruzzi) from an Italian father and a Swiss mother on May 2, 1930. He is member of the European Parliament and President of the Nonviolent Radical Party.
At the age of 20, Marco Pannella was a national representative at the university level for the Italian Liberal Party (PLI), member of the student association Unione goliardica Italiana (UGI) and at 23 he was President of the Unione nazionale degli studenti, UNURI (National Union of Students).
At 24 he promoted the foundation of the Partito Radicale (hereinafter the “Radical Party”). From 1960 to 1963, he was in Paris as a correspondent of the Italian newspaper “Il Giorno”. In his political career, Mr. Pannella co-founded a series of organizations such as the Italian league for divorce, the League for objection of conscience, the League for the abrogation of the Agreement between the Catholic Church and the Italian State (Concordato), the Centre of legal initiative “Pietro Calamandrei”, as well as the Italian Association for Demographic Education (AIED). He has been at the forefront of the promotion important reforms regarding narcotics, facing incarceration on various occasions for his civil disobediences. He played a prominent role in the pro-choice movement in Italy that led to the legalization of abortion in the early 1980s. He also promoted actions to grant electoral rights for Italians aged 18.
Engaged in the defence of civil rights in Eastern European countries, in 1968, he was arrested in Sofia for having distributed leaflets against the Communist regime. He is one of the first promoters and founders of the “Green” and “ecologist” political movements in Europe.
Over the years, he has been engaged in Italy in the defence of civil rights as well as against the public financing of political parties and against corruption of Italian politics. Since the 1970s, Mr. Pannella has promoted a series of referendums on themes ranging from social to political issues, in particular on those relating to the legality of the State, the rule of law and to the administration of justice.
Throughout the 1980s, he promoted international anti-prohibitionist campaigns on drugs and was one of the founders of the Radical Antiprohibitionist Coordination (CORA) and of the International Antiprohibitionist League.
A believer in Gandhian nonviolence, Mr. Pannella has carried out several hunger strikes in Italy and elsewhere to defend civil rights and to end extermination through starvation the world over. Pannella is currently on a hunger stike, to protest against the death penalty. His strike was set off by the hanging of Saddam Hussein[1].
A disciple of Altiero Spinelli and Ernesto Rossi, Mr. Pannella was one of the first European Federalists and fought, through nonviolent means, for the creation of the European Union.
He was elected Secretary of the Radical Party in November 1981 and remained in office until November 1983. At the RP Congress in Budapest in 1989, he launched the creation of the Transnational Radical Party of which he became president of the Federal Council on that occasion.
He is honorary President of the Party of the Rom (ROI) in the Czech Republic and he is also honorary member of the Socialist Slovene Youth. The Jewish National Fund (Hebrew: קרן קימת לישראל, Keren Kayemet LeYisrael) dedicated him a reforestation area in the desert of Negev in Israel. (from Wikipedia)
Wikipedia Article
The Dalai Lama is a high lama in the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" branch of Tibetan Buddhism. The name is a combination of the Sino-Mongolian word далай (dalai) meaning "Ocean" and the Tibetan word བླ་མ་ bla-ma (with a silent "b") meaning "chief, high priest".
In religious terms, the Dalai Lama is believed by his devotees to be the rebirth of a long line of tulkus who are considered to be manifestations of the bodhisattva of compassion, Avalokiteśvara. Traditionally, the Dalai Lama is thought of as the latest reincarnation of a series of spiritual leaders who have chosen to be reborn in order to enlighten others. The Dalai Lama is often thought to be the leader of the Gelug School, but this position belongs officially to the Ganden Tripa, which is a temporary position appointed by the Dalai Lama who, in practice, exerts much influence. The line of Dalai Lamas began as a lineage of spiritual teachers; the 5th Dalai Lama assumed political authority over Tibet.
For certain periods between the 17th century and 1959, the Dalai Lamas sometimes directed the Tibetan government, which administered portions of Tibet from Lhasa. The 14th Dalai Lama remained the head of state for the Central Tibetan Administration ("Tibetan government in exile") until his retirement on March 14, 2011. He has indicated that the institution of the Dalai Lama may be abolished in the future, and also that the next Dalai Lama may be found outside Tibet and may be female. The Chinese government was very quick to reject this and claimed that only they have the authority to select the next Dalai Lama.
See encyclopedia photos —
The 14th Dalai Lama (religious name: Tenzin Gyatso, shortened from Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, born Lhamo Dondrub, 6 July 1935) is the 14th and current Dalai Lama. Dalai Lamas are the most influential figures in the Gelugpa lineage of Tibetan Buddhism, although the 14th has consolidated control over the other lineages in recent years. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989, and is also well known for his lifelong advocacy for Tibetans inside and outside Tibet. Tibetans traditionally believe him to be the reincarnation of his predecessors and a manifestation of the Bodhisattva of Compassion.
The Dalai Lama was born in Taktser, Qinghai (also known to Tibetans as Amdo), and was selected as the rebirth of the 13th Dalai Lama two years later, although he was only formally recognized as the 14th Dalai Lama on 17 November 1950, at the age of 15. He inherited control over a government controlling an area roughly corresponding to the Tibet Autonomous Region just as the nascent People's Republic of China wished to assert central control over it. There is a dispute over whether the respective governments reached an agreement for a joint Chinese-Tibetan administration.
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