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Red Jacket (Sagoyewatha) — Fotopedia
Red Jacket (Sagoyewatha), 1868, Oil on canvas by Thomas Hicks, Copy after Robert Walter Weir

Seneca chief Sagoyewatha, a swift runner for the British during the Revolution, was given the name Red Jacket from the scarlet coats he habitually wore. During the War of 1812 he cast his lot with the Americans, but after participating in several battles, including the Battle of Chippewa, he proposed that Indians fighting on both sides of the conflict withdraw from the war, and he went home.

Sagoyewatha's claim to celebrity was not as a warrior, but as an orator. An eloquent defender of Indian land claims and culture, he detested Christianity and white civilization. Nonetheless, in his many portraits he proudly wears the peace medal presented to him by President Washington in 1792 when he went to Philadelphia to assert Seneca claims and grievances.

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Seneca people

The Seneca are a group of indigenous people native to North America. They were the nation located farthest to the west within the Six Nations or Iroquois League in New York before the American Revolution. While exact population figures are unknown, approximately 15,000 to 25,000 Seneca live in Canada, near Brantford, Ontario, at the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation. They are descendants of Seneca who resettled there, as they had been allies of the British during the American Revolution. Nearly 30,000 Seneca live in the United States, on and off reservations around Buffalo, New York and in Oklahoma.


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