Red-eyed Tree Frog (Agalychnis callidryas) mating pair

Litoria chloris, also commonly known as the red-eyed tree frog or orange-eyed tree frog, is a species of tree frog native to eastern Australia; ranging from north of Sydney to Proserpine in mid-northern Queensland.

A tree frog is any frog that spends a major portion of its lifespan in trees, known as an arboreal state. Several lineages of frogs among the Neobatrachia have given rise to tree frogs, even though they are not closely related to each other.

Many millions of years of convergent evolution have resulted in almost identical morphology and ecologies. In fact, they are so similar as regards their ecological niche that in one biome where one group of tree frogs occurs, the other is almost always absent. The last common ancestor of some such tree frog groups lived long before the extinction of the dinosaurs.^{[citation needed]}

Frogs are a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (Ancient Greek an-, without + oura, tail). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is found in tropical rainforests. There are approximately 4,800 recorded species, accounting for over 85% of extant amphibian species. They are also one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders.

The body plan of an adult frog is generally characterized by a stout body, protruding eyes, cleft tongue, limbs folded underneath and the absence of a tail. Besides living in fresh water and on dry land, the adults of some species are adapted for living underground or in trees. The skin of the frog is glandular, with secretions ranging from distasteful to toxic. Warty species of frog tend to be called toads. Frog warts are elevations in the skin where glandular toxins tend to concentrate. The distinction between frogs and toads is based on informal naming conventions concentrating on the warts rather than taxonomy or evolutionary history; some toads are more closely related to frogs than other toads. Frogs' skins vary in colour from well-camouflaged dappled brown, grey and green to vivid patterns of bright red or yellow and black to advertise toxicity and warn off predators.

The Lissamphibia (Greek λισσός, lissos, "smooth" + ἀμφí, amphi, "both" + βíος, bios, "life") are a subclass of animals that includes all recent amphibians. For several decades, this name has been used for a group that includes all extant amphibians, but excludes all the main groups of Paleozoic tetrapods, such as Temnospondyli, Lepospondyli, Embolomeri, and Seymouriamorpha. Some authors hold that Lissamphibia is a clade, that the subclass consists of all the descendants of an ancestral lissamphibian, but others hold that frogs and salamanders derive from temnospondyls, whereas caecilians derive from lepospondyls, so Lissamphibia is polyphyletic.

Living amphibians fall into one of three orders: the Anura (frogs and toads), the Caudata or Urodela (salamanders and newts), and the Gymnophiona or Apoda (the limbless caecilians). An extinct group, the family Albanerpetontidae in the order Allocaudata, was moderately successful, spanning 160 million years from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Pliocene, an interval that ended 3.6 million years ago.

Agalychnis is a genus of tree frogs native to forests in Mexico, Central America and northwestern South America.

Eight species were placed within the Agalychnis genus, but a recent major revision of the Hylidae family [1] moved two species to the newly created genus Cruziohyla, leaving six species in this genus:

Blue-sided leaf frog, Agalychnis annae (Duellman, 1963) Red-eyed tree frog, Agalychnis callidryas (Cope, 1862) Pink-sided leaf frog, Agalychnis litodryas (Duellman and Trueb, 1967) Morelet's tree frog, Agalychnis moreletii (Duméril, 1853) Misfit leaf frog, Agalychnis saltator (Taylor, 1955) Gliding leaf frog, Agalychnis spurrelli (Boulenger, 1913)

Data related to Agalychnis at Wikispecies Media related to Agalychnis at Wikimedia Commons