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Nouadhibou (Arabic: نواذيبو‎; formerly Port-Étienne) is the second largest city in Mauritania and serves as a major commercial centre. The city itself has about 75,000 inhabitants expanding to over 90,000 in the larger metropolitan area. It is situated on a 40-mile peninsula or headland called Ras Nouadhibou, Cap Blanc, or Cabo Blanco, of which the western side, with the city of Lagouira, is part of Western Sahara. Nouadhibou is consequently located merely a couple of kilometers from the border between Mauritania and Western Sahara.

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Mauritania, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Population: 3,381,634 (June 2011 est.)

Age structure:

Median age:

Population growth rate: 2.349% (2011 est.)

Birth rate: 33.67 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death rate: 9 deaths/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Net migration rate: -0.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Sex ratio:

Infant mortality rate

Life expectancy at birth:

Total fertility rate: 4.3 children born/woman (2011 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 9,500 (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 500 (2003 est.)

Nationality: noun: Mauritanian(s) adjective: Mauritanian

Ethnic groups: mixed Moor/black 40%, Moor 30%, black 30%

Religions: Muslim 100%

Languages: Arabic (official), French (widely used in media and among educated classes), Pulaar, Soninke, Hassaniya, Wolof

Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write