Neuchâtel (French pronunciation: ​[nøʃatɛl]), Old French: neu(f) "new" + chatel "castle" (French: château) is the capital of the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel on Lake Neuchâtel.

The city has as of December 2007^[update] approximately 32,600 inhabitants (80,000 in the metropolitan area), by and large French-speaking, although the city is sometimes referred to historically by the German name  Neuenburg (help·info), which has the same meaning, since it originally belonged to the Holy Roman Empire and later Prussia ruled the area until 1848.

Neuchâtel is a pilot of the Council of Europe and the European Commission Intercultural cities programme.