Cuenca is a province of central Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha.

Located in a natural setting of beauty, the Old Town of Cuenca occupies a superb site between two river gorges. Famous are its 15th Century "hanging houses" (casas colgadas), that appear suspended over the cliffs edge. One of these houses the Museum of Spanish Abstract Art, the museum being one of the finest of its kind. The city centre, remarkably beautiful, is presided over by a magnificent Gothic cathedral. To the east of Cuenca is the Serranía de Cuenca massif with scenic valleys, gorges, and waterfalls. Here are an interesting group of rock formations known as 'The Enchanted City' (Ciudad Encantada)

The province is bordered by the provinces of Valencia (including its exclave Rincón de Ademuz), Albacete, Ciudad Real, Toledo, Madrid, Guadalajara, and Teruel. The northeastern side of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area.